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(6일차) AWS 자격증 공부하기 SAA (AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate)

by 라이프_디자이너 2022. 7. 12.
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시험이 한 4주 정도 남았다. 남은 문제가 553개인데, 매일 공부한다고 가정했을 때 매일 약 20문제씩 봐야 모든 문제를 볼 수 있다. 이 속도라면 시험 보기 전까지 5회독을 못하는건 당연하고 모든 문제를 못보고 시험 봐야 하는 상황이 예상된다. 디테일하게 봤던 방법에서 우선 답을 확인하고 이해하는 방식으로 바꿔서 속도를 올려야겠다.

 

2022.07.07 - [자기개발] - (곧 시험 문제 바뀜) AWS 자격증 공부 시작 방법 SAA (AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate)

 

(곧 시험 문제 바뀜) AWS 자격증 공부 시작 방법 SAA (AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate)

AWS 클라우드 자격증 공부 시작 방법에 대해 알려드리겠습니다. AWS 자격증은 여러 가지가 있지만 이 글에서는 AWS 아키텍처 관련 자격증 공부 시작 방법에 대해 이야기합니다. 저는 이 글을 쓰는

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2022.07.10 - [자기개발] - (4일차) AWS 자격증 공부하기 SAA (AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate)

 

(4일차) AWS 자격증 공부하기 SAA (AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate)

일요일 점심먹고 공부 시작. 그동안 작성한 글들을 다시 보며 하나 발견한 사실이 있다. 작성하는 화면과 작성된 글 화면에서 보이는게 다르다는 사실이다. 그 결과, 내가 작성한 글의 가독성이

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문제17

A three-tier web application is used to handle client orders. The web tier is made up of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer, a middle tier made up of three EC2 instances that are isolated from the web layer through Amazon SQS, and an Amazon DynamoDB backend. During busy periods, consumers who place purchases through the site must wait much longer than usual for confirmations owing to prolonged processing delays. A solutions architect's objective should be to minimize these processing times.

Which course of action will be the MOST EFFECTIVE in achieving this?

 

3계층 웹 애플리케이션은 클라이언트 주문을 처리하는 데 사용됩니다. 웹 계층은 Application Load Balancer 뒤에 있는 Amazon EC2 인스턴스, Amazon SQS를 통해 웹 계층에서 격리된 3개의 EC2 인스턴스로 구성된 중간 계층 및 Amazon DynamoDB 백엔드로 구성됩니다. 성수기에는 사이트를 통해 구매하는 소비자가 처리 지연이 길어져 평소보다 훨씬 더 오래 기다려야 합니다. 솔루션 설계자의 목표는 이러한 처리 시간을 최소화하는 것입니다.

이를 달성하는 데 가장 효과적인 조치는 무엇입니까?

 

A. 스트리밍 서비스

Replace the SQS queue with Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose.

B. 

Use Amazon ElastiCache for Redis in front of the DynamoDB backend tier.

C.

Add an Amazon CloudFront distribution to cache the responses for the web tier.

D. 처리속도 개선을 위해 캐시를 사용하기도 하지만 이 문제의 경우에는 유입량 자체가 많아 백엔드까지 가는 대기열 큐가 많이 쌓여서 속도가 늦어지는 상황으로 보인다. 그래서 SQS쪽 미들 티어 인스턴스를 오토스케일링 기능을 사용하여 성수기에는 퍼포먼스를 올려 대기시간 감소를 기대 할 수 있다.

Use Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling to scale out the middle tier instances based on the SQS queue depth.


문제18

A solutions architect is in the process of implementing a distributed database across many Amazon EC2 instances. The database replicates all data across numerous instances to ensure that it can survive the loss of single instance. The database needs block storage that is low in latency and high in throughput in order to accommodate several million transactions per second per server.

Which storage option should the architect of solutions use?

 

솔루션 설계자는 많은 Amazon EC2 인스턴스에 분산 데이터베이스를 구현하는 과정에 있습니다. 데이터베이스는 단일 인스턴스의 손실을 견딜 수 있도록 수많은 인스턴스에 걸쳐 모든 데이터를 복제합니다. 데이터베이스는 서버당 초당 수백만 건의 트랜잭션을 수용하기 위해 대기 시간이 짧고 처리량이 높은 블록 스토리지가 필요합니다.

솔루션 설계자는 어떤 스토리지 옵션을 사용해야 합니까?

 

A.

EBS Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)

B. 블록 수준의 임시 저장소로 물리적 SSD나 HDD 저장소이다. EC2가 종료되면서 데이터가 사라져서 장기 데이터로는 사용이 어려우나, 고성능 처리 서버에서 사용하는 케이스가 있음.

Amazon EC2 instance store

C.

Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)

D.

Amazon S3


문제19

A business hosts a web application on Amazon Web Services (AWS) utilizing a single Amazon EC2 instance that saves user-uploaded documents in an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. To improve scalability and availability, the organization replicated the architecture and deployed a second EC2 instance and EBS volume in a different Availability Zone, both of which were placed behind an Application Load Balancer. After this update was made, users claimed that each time they refreshed the page, they could view a portion of their papers but never all of them.

What should a solutions architect suggest to guarantee that users have access to all of their documents simultaneously?

 

기업은 Amazon Elastic Block Store(Amazon EBS) 볼륨에 사용자 업로드 문서를 저장하는 단일 Amazon EC2 인스턴스를 사용하여 Amazon Web Services(AWS)에서 웹 애플리케이션을 호스팅합니다. 확장성과 가용성을 개선하기 위해 조직은 아키텍처를 복제하고 다른 가용 영역에 두 번째 EC2 인스턴스와 EBS 볼륨을 배포했습니다. 이 두 가지 모두 Application Load Balancer 뒤에 배치되었습니다. 이 업데이트가 이루어진 후 사용자는 페이지를 새로 고칠 때마다 논문의 일부를 볼 수 있지만 전체를 볼 수는 없다고 주장했습니다.

솔루션 설계자는 사용자가 모든 문서에 동시에 액세스할 수 있도록 보장하기 위해 무엇을 제안해야 합니까?

 

A.

Copy the data so both EBS volumes contain all the documents.

B.

Configure the Application Load Balancer to direct a user to the server with the documents.

C. EFS는 다중 AZ 에서 접근 가능한 저장소로, 이 문제에서는 단일 AZ에서 접근하는 EBS를 다른 AZ에 생성하면서 문제가 발생함. 따라서, EFS를 사용하기 위해 최초 데이터를 마이그레이션 하고 저장소를 EFS로 변경하면 문제가 해결됨.

Copy the data from both EBS volumes to Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS). Modify the application to save new documents to Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS).

D.

Configure the Application Load Balancer to send the request to both servers. Return each document from the correct server.


문제20

A business may have many AWS accounts for different departments. One of the departments would want to share an Amazon S3 bucket with the rest of the organization.

Which of the following solutions requires the LEAST amount of effort?

 

비즈니스에는 여러 부서에 대해 여러 AWS 계정이 있을 수 있습니다. 부서 중 하나는 Amazon S3 버킷을 나머지 조직과 공유하려고 합니다.

다음 솔루션 중 가장 적은 노력이 필요한 솔루션은 무엇입니까?

 

A.

Enable cross-account S3 replication for the bucket.

B.

Create a pre-signed URL for the bucket and share it with other departments.

C. S3 Policy로 접근 가능한 부서 정책 설정만 몇줄로 가능하기 때문에, 이게 제일 적은 노력으로 가능함.

Set the S3 bucket policy to allow cross-account access to other departments.

D.

Create IAM users for each of the departments and configure a read-only IAM policy.


문제21

A business is developing a new online service that will be hosted on Amazon EC2 instances with the assistance of an Elastic Load Balancer. However, many online service clients can only communicate with IP addresses that have been whitelisted on their firewalls.

What recommendations should a solutions architect provide to suit a client's needs?

 

한 기업이 Elastic Load Balancer의 도움으로 Amazon EC2 인스턴스에서 호스팅될 새로운 온라인 서비스를 개발하고 있습니다. 그러나 많은 온라인 서비스 클라이언트는 방화벽에 허용된 IP 주소와만 통신할 수 있습니다. 

 

솔루션 설계자는 클라이언트의 요구 사항에 맞게 어떤 권장 사항을 제공해야 합니까?

 

A. 로드밸런서에 고정 IP를 할당해주면 해결되는 문제. B가 정답이 아닌 이유는 NLB와 ALB의 차이로 ALB는 L7 계층 로드밸런서로 고정 IP가 안됨. DNS는 할당 가능.

A Network Load Balancer with an associated Elastic IP address.

B.

An Application Load Balancer with an associated Elastic IP address

C.

An A record in an Amazon Route 53 hosted zone pointing to an Elastic IP address

D.

An EC2 instance with a public IP address running as a proxy in front of the load balancer


문제22

On AWS, a business hosts an online marketplace web application. During peak hours, the program serves hundreds of thousands of users. The business requires a scalable, near-real-time solution for sharing information about millions of financial transactions with various other internal systems. Additionally, transactions must be processed to remove sensitive data prior to being stored in a document database for fast retrieval.

What recommendations should a solutions architect make to satisfy these requirements?

 

AWS에서 비즈니스는 온라인 마켓플레이스 웹 애플리케이션을 호스팅합니다. 피크 시간 동안 이 프로그램은 수십만 명의 사용자에게 서비스를 제공합니다. 비즈니스에는 다양한 내부 시스템과 수백만 건의 금융 거래에 대한 정보를 공유하기 위한 확장 가능한 거의 실시간 솔루션이 필요합니다. 또한 빠른 검색을 위해 문서 데이터베이스에 저장하기 전에 민감한 데이터를 제거하기 위해 트랜잭션을 처리해야 합니다.

솔루션 설계자는 이러한 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 어떤 권장 사항을 제시해야 합니까?

A.

Store the transactions data into Amazon DynamoDB. Set up a rule in DynamoDB to remove sensitive data from every transaction upon write. Use DynamoDB Streams to share the transactions data with other applications.

B.

Stream the transactions data into Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to store data in Amazon DynamoDB and Amazon S3. Use AWS Lambda integration with Kinesis Data Firehose to remove sensitive data. Other applications can consume the data stored in Amazon S3.

C. 실시간 스트리밍 데이터를 처리하는 Kinesis 서비스를 사용하면 대용량 데이터를 실시간으로 분석 할 수 있기 때문에, DB에 저장하기 전에 민감한 정보가 있는지 확인하여 처리할 수 있다. 여기서는 실시간 데이터 처리, DynamoDB 사용, 민감한 데이터 제거 이 3가지 요소가 필요하기 때문에 이게 정답.

Stream the transactions data into Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Use AWS Lambda integration to remove sensitive data from every transaction and then store the transactions data in AmazonDynamoDB. Other applications can consume the transactions data off the Kinesis data stream.

D.

Store the batched transactions data in Amazon S3 as files. Use AWS Lambda to process every file and remove sensitive data before updating the files in Amazon S3. The Lambda function then stores the data in Amazon DynamoDB. Other applications can consume transaction files stored in Amazon S3.

 


문제23

A business notices a rise in the cost of Amazon EC2 in its most recent bill. The billing team observes an anomaly in the vertical scaling of instance types for a few EC2 instances. A solutions architect should build a graph comparing the previous two months' EC2 charges and conduct an in-depth study to determine the core cause of the vertical scaling.

How should the solutions architect create data with the LEAST amount of operational overhead possible?

 

기업은 가장 최근 청구서에서 Amazon EC2의 비용 상승을 확인했습니다. 결제 팀은 몇 가지 EC2 인스턴스에 대한 인스턴스 유형의 수직적 확장에서 비정상을 관찰했습니다. 솔루션 설계자는 지난 2개월 동안의 EC2 요금을 비교하는 그래프를 작성하고 심층 연구를 수행하여 수직 확장의 핵심 원인을 파악해야 합니다.

솔루션 설계자는 가능한 한 최소한의 운영 오버헤드로 데이터를 생성해야 합니까?

A.

Use AWS Budgets to create a budget report and compare EC2 costs based on instance types.

B. AWS 비용,시각화, 관리 등의 서비스는 Cost Exploere 에서 제공한다. C와 정답 논란이 있지만, B로 선택하여 암기할 예정이다.

Use Cost Explorer granular filtering feature to perform an in-depth analysis of EC2 costs based on instance types.

C.

Use graphs from the AWS Billing and Cost Management dashboard to compare EC2 costs based on instance types for the last 2 months.

D.

Use AWS Cost and Usage Reports to create a report and send it to an Amazon S3 bucket. Use Amazon QuickSight with Amazon S3 as a source to generate an interactive graph based on instance types.


문제24

A solutions architect is developing a solution that will lead customers to a backup static error page in the event that the original website becomes inaccessible. The DNS records for the major website are housed on Amazon Route 53, with the domain referring to an Application Load Balancer (ALB).

Which configuration should the solutions architect use in order to fulfill the business's requirements while reducing modifications and infrastructure overhead?

 

솔루션 설계자는 원래 웹 사이트에 액세스할 수 없는 경우 고객을 백업 정적 오류 페이지로 안내하는 솔루션을 개발하고 있습니다. 주요 웹 사이트의 DNS 레코드는 Amazon Route 53에 보관되며 도메인은 ALB(Application Load Balancer)를 참조합니다.


솔루션 설계자는 수정 및 인프라 오버헤드를 줄이면서 비즈니스 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 어떤 구성을 사용해야 합니까?

A.

Point a Route 53 alias record to an Amazon CloudFront distribution with the ALB as one of its origins. Then, create custom error pages for the distribution.

B. 연결 오류가 있을 때, Route 53에서 라우팅 실패 했을 경우에 보조 라우팅을 시켜주는 기능이 있다. 그 기능이 failover고, ALB 상태가 이상한 경우에 S3 정적 페이지로 리다이렉트 해준다.

Set up a Route 53 active-passive failover configuration. Direct traffic to a static error page hosted within an Amazon S3 bucket when Route 53 health checks determine that the ALB endpoint is unhealthy.

C.

Update the Route 53 record to use a latency-based routing policy. Add the backup static error page hosted within an Amazon S3 bucket to the record so the traffic is sent to the most responsive endpoints.

D.

Set up a Route 53 active-active configuration with the ALB and an Amazon EC2 instance hosting a static error page as endpoints. Route 53 will only send requests to the instance if the health checks fail for the ALB.


문제25

A financial services organization maintains a web application that is accessible to users in the United States and Europe. The program is divided into two tiers: a database layer and a web server layer. The database tier is comprised of a MySQL database that is physically located in us-east-1. Amazon Route 53 geoproximity routing is used to route traffic to the nearest Region's instances. According to a performance analysis of the system, European users are not obtaining the same degree of query performance as users in the United States.

Which improvements to the database layer should be made to increase performance?

 

금융 서비스 조직은 미국과 유럽의 사용자가 액세스할 수 있는 웹 응용 프로그램을 유지 관리합니다. 프로그램은 데이터베이스 계층과 웹 서버 계층의 두 계층으로 나뉩니다. 데이터베이스 계층은 물리적으로 us-east-1에 위치한 MySQL 데이터베이스로 구성됩니다. Amazon Route 53 지리 근접 라우팅은 가장 가까운 리전의 인스턴스로 트래픽을 라우팅하는 데 사용됩니다. 시스템 성능 분석에 따르면 유럽 사용자는 미국 사용자와 동일한 수준의 쿼리 성능을 얻지 못하고 있습니다.


성능을 향상시키려면 데이터베이스 계층에서 어떤 개선이 이루어져야 합니까?

A.

Migrate the database to Amazon RDS for MySQL. Configure Multi-AZ in one of the European Regions.

B.

Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB. Use DynamoDB global tables to enable replication to additional Regions.

C.

Deploy MySQL instances in each Region. Deploy an Application Load Balancer in front of MySQL to reduce the load on the primary instance.

D. 전 세계적으로 분산된 애플리케이션을 위해 설계된 것이 Aurora global database 이다. 따라서, Aurora 글로벌 데이터베이스를 사용해서 유럽 리전에 읽기전용 DB를 복사해두면 DB 접근 속도를 향상 시킬 수 있다.

Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora global database in MySQL compatibility mode. Configure read replicas in one of the European Regions.

 

오늘은 여기까지! 확실히 방법을 바꾸니, 보는 속도가 다르다. 오늘은 1시간 정도 공부해서 9문제를 봤다. 내일도 1시간을 공부하되 12문제를 볼 수 있도록 해야겠다.

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